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All 118 elements

Element 48 ·transition metal

gé — "cadmium"

Cadmium

Traditional:

How the character is built

The radical marks this as a metal, and that is not a coincidence of this one character — it holds right across the table. Read the radical first and the element's state at room temperature is already settled. It is (jīn) squeezed into the space beside another component — radicals change shape by position, which is why is hard to spot until you know to look for .

Where you actually meet it

镉污染 (gé wūrǎn) cadmium contamination

Where it sits among the 118

Cadmium melts at 321°C (594.22 K) — lower than 67 of the 97 elements whose melting point has been measured, and higher than 29. The grey dots are the rest of the table.
In the Earth's crust there is about 150 milligrams in every tonne of rock. That makes it commoner than 27 of the 93 elements that occur naturally at all. The scale is logarithmic: each gridline is ten times the one below it.

First isolated in 1817.

In living things

Cadmium sits directly beneath zinc in the table and behaves like a bad understudy — similar size, similar charge, happy to occupy zinc's places in proteins and unable to do zinc's work once there. The body responds by wrapping it in metallothionein, a small sulfur-rich protein, and filing the complex in the kidney, where its biological half-life is measured in decades rather than days. It also has an agricultural dimension: rice is unusually good at taking cadmium up from soil, particularly when a paddy is drained and the sediment turns oxidising, which is how metal from upstream mining at Toyama in Japan reached the diet of a farming population and produced one of the twentieth century's defining pollution cases.

The full entry

For stroke order, example sentences, audio and the complete set of meanings, see the dictionary entry.

Cadmium in the dictionary →

Others built the same way

Every one of these carries , and every one is a metal.

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