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All 118 elements

Element 93 ·actinide

ná — "neptunium"

Neptunium

Traditional:

How the character is built

The radical marks this as a metal, and that is not a coincidence of this one character — it holds right across the table. Read the radical first and the element's state at room temperature is already settled. It is (jīn) squeezed into the space beside another component — radicals change shape by position, which is why is hard to spot until you know to look for .

Phonetic 拿 ná 'to take'; Taiwan writes 錼 nài instead.

This character is used for the element and little else — you are unlikely to meet it outside a chemistry classroom.

The element itself

Neptunium was the first element made beyond uranium, and it was named on the same logic that had named uranium after a planet — the next one out. It does occur in nature, but only just: uranium ore contains fantastically small amounts, formed when a uranium nucleus happens to catch a stray neutron rather than being left over from the planet's formation. Everything anyone has ever worked with came out of a reactor, where it builds up as a by-product with a half-life of two million years — long enough that it is still there to be reckoned with after the fission products have burned themselves out.

Where it sits among the 118

Neptunium melts at 644°C (917 K) — lower than 61 of the 97 elements whose melting point has been measured, and higher than 35. The grey dots are the rest of the table.
In the Earth's crust there is present only in traces, far below a milligram per tonne. That makes it commoner than 4 of the 93 elements that occur naturally at all. The scale is logarithmic: each gridline is ten times the one below it.

First isolated in 1940.

The full entry

For stroke order, example sentences, audio and the complete set of meanings, see the dictionary entry.

Neptunium in the dictionary →

Others built the same way

Every one of these carries , and every one is a metal.

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