Skip to content
All 118 elements

Element 56 ·alkaline earth metal

bèi — "barium"

Barium

Traditional:

How the character is built

The radical marks this as a metal, and that is not a coincidence of this one character — it holds right across the table. Read the radical first and the element's state at room temperature is already settled. It is (jīn) squeezed into the space beside another component — radicals change shape by position, which is why is hard to spot until you know to look for .

Where you actually meet it

钡餐 (bèicān) barium meal, for medical imaging

The element itself

Barite is heavy in the hand in a way that surprises people — noticeably denser than it looks — and that single property accounts for most of what barium is used for. Mixed into drilling mud, it makes the fluid heavy enough to hold back the pressure of whatever the drill bit hits, which is the difference between a controlled well and a blowout. Barium compounds also burn green in fireworks, and the metal itself is reactive enough to be stored under oil.

Where it sits among the 118

Barium melts at 727°C (1000 K) — lower than 57 of the 97 elements whose melting point has been measured, and higher than 39. The grey dots are the rest of the table.
In the Earth's crust there is about 430 grams in every tonne of rock. That makes it commoner than 79 of the 93 elements that occur naturally at all. The scale is logarithmic: each gridline is ten times the one below it.

First isolated in 1808.

Where it comes from in China

Barium comes from barite, and China's barite is largely bedded — laid down in layers on the seafloor rather than filling veins — in the Cambrian black shales of eastern Guizhou and western Hunan. Those shales settled on an oxygen-poor shelf where barium-bearing fluids seeping out of the sediment met sulfate in seawater and precipitated on the spot. Most of it ends up as drilling mud, because barite is dense, cheap and chemically indifferent to almost everything.

Hunan 湖南Guizhou 贵州
Guizhou and Hunan — shaded on a map drawn from Natural Earth's public-domain data.

The full entry

For stroke order, example sentences, audio and the complete set of meanings, see the dictionary entry.

Barium in the dictionary →

Others built the same way

Every one of these carries , and every one is a metal.

Start your Chinese Learning JourneyStart Now