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固 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
固gùhardj, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùstrongj, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùsolidj, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùsurej, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùassuredlyj, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùundoubtedlyj, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùof coursej, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùindeedj, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùadmittedlyj, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
固gùto solidify; strengthj, 8 strokes, radical 囗, rank #21300, Very Hard
gù(gu4) T4
  1. 1hard
  2. 2strong
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026

固gù(gu4)

The character 固 (gù) conveys the idea of being hard, strong, or solid. It is commonly used in contexts relating to physical strength or stability, as well as to describe certainty or assurance in statements or beliefs. Its nuances can imply reliability and steadfastness in both tangible and abstract forms.

Strokes8Radical囗Frequency#21300DifficultyVery Hard
Cultural Note

In traditional Chinese architecture, the concept of solidity is critical; structures are designed to endure time and elements, reflecting the cultural value placed on permanence and stability, which resonates with the meaning of 固.

Memory Tip

Imagine a solid rock (the shape of 固 resembles a rock) that is both hard and unmovable, representing strength and stability. The left part of the character, '土' (earth), suggests something grounded, while the right part '口' (mouth) can remind you that this strength is spoken with confidence.

Meanings of 固

gù(gu4)
1hard
2strong
Exercise 1 of 3

Listen & Choose the Meaning

Choose the correct answer:

About 固

固Simplified
8Strokes
囗Radical
简称abbreviation (abbr.)Part of Speech
#21300Frequency Rank

Podcast: 固

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Podcast: 固

Listen to Jason & Amy break down this word for you

AI Study Notes for 固

Quick Contrast

坚 (jiān) - use 固 (gù) when emphasizing stability or firmness, while 坚 (jiān) often highlights strength or resilience.

Usage Notes

Common mistakes include confusing 固 with similar characters like 固定 (gùdìng, to fix or stabilize). This character is more formal and is often used in written language rather than in casual conversation. Learners should also pay attention to the tone, as mispronouncing it can change the meaning.

HSK Study Tips

While 固 is not explicitly part of the HSK vocabulary list, it shares characteristics with other HSK-level words that describe states and qualities. Students should focus on its use in compound words and phrases, enhancing their understanding of how it can modify or strengthen meanings.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 固 with the character 硬 (yìng, hard) in terms of meaning. For example, saying '这个东西是固' (This thing is 固) is incorrect; instead, use '这个东西是硬的' (This thing is hard).

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 固

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Etymology of 固

Formation Typepictophonetic
六书 ClassificationPhono-semantic (形声字)~80-90% of characters
Explanation

Phonosemantic compound. 囗 represents the meaning and 古 represents the sound.

Memory Hint

border

Semantic (meaning)囗
+
Phonetic (sound)古
Learn more about Phono-semantic (形声字) characters

Jason Etymology Detective

Case file: 固

Phonosemantic compound. 囗 represents the meaning and 古 represents the sound.

  1. 1The meaning half囗 carries the sense.
  2. 2The sound half古 is there for the reading, not the meaning.
  3. 3The giveawayborder
  4. 4On the record aspictophonetic.

Every clue here comes from the character's recorded structure — nothing is guessed.

Want the full history of 固? Jason searches the paleographic record, weighs the competing accounts and judges the popular story.

Charged once for this character — everyone reads it afterwards.
Exercise 1 of 1

Character Formation Type

What type of character formation is 固?

Decomposition of 固

IDS Structure⿴囗古
固Full Character
=
囗wei2
enclosing
古Gu3
inner
Exercise 1 of 2

Identify the Components

Which of these is a component of 固?

How to say hard in Chinese

“hard” in Chinese is固gù

The character 固 (gù) conveys the idea of being hard, strong, or solid. It is commonly used in contexts relating to physical strength or stability, as well as to describe certainty or assurance in statements or beliefs. Its nuances can imply reliability and steadfastness in both tangible and abstract forms.

When to use 固

Common mistakes include confusing 固 with similar characters like 固定 (gùdìng, to fix or stabilize). This character is more formal and is often used in written language rather than in casual conversation. Learners should also pay attention to the tone, as mispronouncing it can change the meaning.

固 or something close to it

坚 (jiān) - use 固 (gù) when emphasizing stability or firmness, while 坚 (jiān) often highlights strength or resilience.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse 固 with the character 硬 (yìng, hard) in terms of meaning. For example, saying '这个东西是固' (This thing is 固) is incorrect; instead, use '这个东西是硬的' (This thing is hard).

Write 固

固

Practice writing 固 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Grammar Patterns of 固

Exercise 1 of 3

Complete the Sentence

一个人的成功,聪明____然重要,但是努力更重要。

For one's success, intelligence is admittedly important, but effort is more important.

Common Confusions with 固

固vs古
gǔ

Similar sound, but different meaning.

固vs谷
gǔ

Similar sound, but different meaning.

Exercise 1 of 1

Spot the Difference

Which character means "hard"?

or

Example Sentences for 固 (10)

Listen to all sentences once to receive XP
1
我尤其喜欢那种用螺钉固定在墙上的搁板。

wǒ yóu qí xǐ huān nà zhǒng yòng luó dīng gù dìng zài qiáng shàng de gē bǎn。

I particularly like the type of shelving that screws to the wall.
2
建造工人必须把新建房屋的屋顶固定得更牢靠些。

jiàn zào gōng rén bì xū bǎ xīn jiàn fáng wū de wū dǐng gù dìng dé gēng láo kào xiē。

Builders must fasten down roofs of newly-built homes more securely.
3
看看你究竟摄入了多少脂肪和胆固醇。

kàn kàn nǐ jiū jìng shè rù le duō shǎo zhī fáng hé dǎn gù chún。

See just how much fat and cholesterol you're eating.
4
这个人坐在他固定的靠窗的位置。

zhè gè rén zuò zài tā gù dìng de kào chuāng de wèi zhì。

The man sat at his regular table near the window.
5
他们互相关心,关系牢固,这才熬过了艰难岁月。

tā mén hù xiāng guān xīn, , guān xì láo, gù , zhè cái āo guò le jiān nán。

The warmth and strength of their relationship carried them through difficult times.
6
相对地球表面而言,这颗卫星位置固定。

xiāng duì dì qiú biǎo miàn ér yán, , zhè kē wèi xīng wèi zhì gù。

The satellite remains in one spot relative to the earth's surface.
7
他的房子是我儿时唯一固定的家。

tā de fáng zǐ shì wǒ ér shí wéi yī gù dìng de jiā。

His house was the only settled home I had as a child.
8
他的反对者们认为他固执、教条、僵化。

tā de fǎn duì zhě mén rèn wéi tā gù zhí、 、 jiào、 tiáo 、。

His opponents viewed him as stubborn, dogmatic, and inflexible.
9
框架用横杆牢牢固定在后墙上。

kuàng jià yòng héng gān láo láo gù dìng zài hòu qiáng shàng。

The frames are secured by horizontal rails to the back wall.
10
许多其他的药物治疗对胆固醇水平都有一定的影响。

xǔ duō qí tā de yào wù zhì liáo duì dǎn gù chún shuǐ píng dū yǒu yī dìng de yǐng xiǎng。

Many other medications have an influence on cholesterol levels.

Word Family of 固

Compounds17
锢gu4to run hot metal through a mold; to confine, to restrain, to stop
涸he2tired, exhausted; dried up
個ge4this, that; single; measure word for individuals
箇
凅
堌
崓
崮gu4mesa, plateau
痼gu4chronic disease; long-term passion
祻
夁
婟
棝
稒
錮gu4to run hot metal through a mold; to confine, to restrain, to stop
鯝
鲴gu4fish guts
Words Containing This Character20
固定gùdìngto fix
巩固gǒnggùto consolidate鞏固
固执gùzhiobstinate固執
顽固wángùstubborn頑固
固gùhard
类固醇steroid類固醇
坚固jiāngùfirm堅固
牢固láogùfirm
胆固醇cholesterol膽固醇
固然gùránadmittedly (it's true that...)
凝固nínggùto freeze
加固to strengthen
稳固wěngùstable穩固
固体gùtǐsolid固體
固有gùyǒuinherent
根深蒂固gēnshēndìgùdeep-rooted (problem etc)
固执己见to persist in one's views固執己見
固态solid state (physics)固態
固守to cling to
固化to solidify
Exercise 1 of 4

Compound Meaning

What does 锢 mean?

Frequently Asked Questions about 固

Common phrases include 固定 (gùdìng, to fix or set), and 固态 (gùtài, solid state).

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