Skip to content
Stroke order, etymology and audio for every word.Start learning
辛 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
辛Xīnsurname Xinnr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīn(of taste) hot or pungentnr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīnhardnr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīnlaboriousnr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīnsufferingnr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīneighth in ordernr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīneighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shí tiān gān]nr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīnletter "H" or roman "VIII" in list "A, B, C", or "I, II, III" etcnr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīnoctanr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīnbitter; toilsome, laborious; 8th heavenly stemnr, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīneighth of the ten Heavenly Stems 十天干[shi2 tian1 gan1]unknown, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
辛Xīnancient Chinese compass point: 285°unknown, 7 strokes, radical 辛, rank #6675, Hard
Xīn(Xin1)xin T1
  1. 1surname Xin
  2. 2(of taste) hot or pungent
Also a Chinese surname, Xin — see the Surname Dictionary
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026

辛Xīn(Xin1)

The character 辛 (xīn) primarily conveys meanings associated with the concepts of hardship and flavor. It can refer to the pungent taste found in foods like garlic and onions, as well as describe experiences that are laborious or challenging. Additionally, it represents the eighth position in the Heavenly Stems used in traditional Chinese astrology and can denote the number eight in various contexts.

Strokes7Radical辛Frequency#6675DifficultyHard
Cultural note

In traditional Chinese medicine, 辛 flavors are believed to stimulate the body's Yang energy and promote digestion. This character is often associated with the heat in spicy foods, which hold a significant place in Chinese cuisine, particularly in regions like Sichuan.

Memory tip

Imagine a spicy chili pepper (辛) that represents both heat (pungent taste) and the hard work (辛) of growing it in a garden. The character itself has sharp edges, resembling the sharpness of its taste, while the pronunciation 'xīn' sounds like 'sin,' which could remind you of the toilsome nature of enduring hardships.

Meanings of 辛

Xīn(Xin1)
1(of taste) hot or pungent
2hard
Exercise 1 of 2

By ear

Play it, then pick what 辛 means.

About 辛

辛Simplified
7Strokes
辛Radical
人名míngcíproper noun (pr.n.)Part of Speech
#6675Frequency Rank

Podcast: 辛

JasonAmy

Podcast: 辛

Listen to Jason & Amy break down this word for you

AI study notes for 辛

Quick Contrast

辛 (xīn, pungent) vs 苦 (kǔ, bitter) — choose 辛 when referring to a sharp, spicy flavor, while 苦 indicates a more unpleasant, harsh taste.

Usage Notes

Be mindful of the context in which you use 辛, as it can refer to both taste and labor. A common mistake is confusing it with similar-sounding words that have different meanings, such as 心 (xīn, meaning heart). When describing food, use 辛 in conjunction with other taste descriptors for clarity.

HSK Study Tips

Although 辛 is not included in the HSK levels, it connects to HSK vocabulary related to taste and emotions. Focus on recognizing its use in culinary contexts and traditional Chinese culture, particularly in discussions about food and suffering.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 辛 with 込 (kòng), leading to incorrect meanings like 'to enter' instead of 'hard.' It's important to remember the context and pronunciation differences to avoid such errors.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 辛

Premium — Locked

Tone practice

Pro

Drill the tone of 辛, say it back, see your pitch against the model voice, and earn XP towards mastery. Interactive tone practice is part of Pro.

Tone drillsPitch drawing+5 XP
Get Pro to unlock

Jason Explains 辛 to you

Let me explain 辛 for you

Make it yours

Jason looks at what you watch and listen to, the checkpoints you have cleared, our lessons and what you have been exploring, and explains 辛 through them.

Sign in free to make it personal. New accounts start with 200 AI credits.

How well do you know 辛?

Example

Learning Lab

Knowing 辛 is seven skills, not one.

Its meaning, its character, its pinyin, its tone — hearing it, saying it, writing it. The Learning Lab measures each one from your own practice, on every word you study, so you see what you actually know rather than how much you have done.

  • MeaningFree
  • CharacterFree
  • PinyinFree
  • TonePro
  • ListeningPro
  • SpeakingPro
  • WritingPro
See the Learning Lab Three facets free · no card needed

Etymology of 辛

Formation typePictographic 象形
六书 ClassificationPictograph (象形字)~4% of characters
Explanation

Pictograph of a chisel-like tool used to tattoo the face of criminals as punishment (see 黑).

Memory hint

A hot iron used to brand prisoners and slaves

Learn more about Pictograph (象形字) characters
Exercise 1 of 1

Origin

What kind of character is 辛?

Decomposition of 辛

IDS Structure⿱立十
辛Full character
=
立Li4
top
十shi2
bottom
Exercise 1 of 2

Parts

Which of these is part of 辛?

How to say surname Xin in Chinese

“surname Xin” in Chinese is辛Xīn

The character 辛 (xīn) primarily conveys meanings associated with the concepts of hardship and flavor. It can refer to the pungent taste found in foods like garlic and onions, as well as describe experiences that are laborious or challenging. Additionally, it represents the eighth position in the Heavenly Stems used in traditional Chinese astrology and can denote the number eight in various contexts.

When to use 辛

Be mindful of the context in which you use 辛, as it can refer to both taste and labor. A common mistake is confusing it with similar-sounding words that have different meanings, such as 心 (xīn, meaning heart). When describing food, use 辛 in conjunction with other taste descriptors for clarity.

辛 or something close to it

辛 (xīn, pungent) vs 苦 (kǔ, bitter) — choose 辛 when referring to a sharp, spicy flavor, while 苦 indicates a more unpleasant, harsh taste.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse 辛 with 込 (kòng), leading to incorrect meanings like 'to enter' instead of 'hard.' It's important to remember the context and pronunciation differences to avoid such errors.

Write 辛

辛

Practice writing 辛 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Grammar patterns of 辛

辛 functions as a noun — it names a person, place, thing, or concept. Place it as a subject before the verb (主+谓) or as an object after the verb (谓+宾). Most Chinese nouns require a measure word between the number and the noun (e.g. 一个/三本). It carries 12 related meanings, each with its own usage notes below. The example sentences below show it in action, with practice buttons (Listen, Practice Writing, Practice Speaking) on every line.

Exercise 1 of 1

Fill the gap

Type the missing word. Pinyin works; then pick the character.

他一个人做这么多工作,未免太____苦了吧。

Having him do so much work alone is a bit too hard on him.

Common confusions with 辛

辛vs心
xīn

Both characters share the same pronunciation but have different meanings and radicals.

Exercise 1 of 1

Which one

Which one means “surname Xin”?

or

Example sentences for 辛 (10)

Listen to all sentences once to receive XP
1
你的发动机很适合烧76号辛烷汽油。

nǐ de fādòng Jī hěn shìhé shāo76 hào Xīn wán qìyóu。

Your engine can run happily on 76 octane petrol.
2
亚辛试图从警察手中逃脱时受了重伤。

yà Xīn shìtú cóng jǐngchá shǒu zhōng táo tuō shí shòu le zhòngshāng。

Yasin had seriously hurt himself while trying to escape from the police.
3
雅各布·辛克莱在一名士兵的手里送了命。

yǎ gè bù· Xīn kè lái zài yī míng shìbīng de shǒulǐ sòng le mìng。

Jacob Sinclair met his death at the hands of a soldier.
4
辛格尔顿是个牛皮大王,他自称有一条空手道黑带。

Xīn gé ěr dùn shì gè niú pí dà wáng, tā zìchēng yǒu yī tiáo kōng shǒu dào hēi dài。

Singleton was a fantasist who claimed to have a karate blackbelt.
5
又有两个经理因偷税漏税指控被传唤到沃辛治安法庭。

yòu yǒu liǎng gè jīnglǐ yīn tōu shuì lòushuì zhǐkòng bèi chuán huàn dào wò Xīn zhì’ān fǎtíng。

Two other executives appeared at Worthing Magistrates' Court charged with tax fraud.
6
辛格先生说他对这一结果感到满意。

Xīn gé xiānsheng shuō tā duì zhè yī jiéguǒ gǎndào mǎnyì。

Mr. Singh said he was pleased with the outcome.
7
辛苦了一天后她想喝上一杯。

xīnkǔ le yī tiān hòu tā xiǎng hē shàng yī bēi。

She felt like a drink after a hard day.
8
塔姆辛从她身旁冒了出来,且备好了笔记本。

tǎ mǔ Xīn cóng tā shēn páng mào le chūlái, qiě bèi hǎo le bǐjìběn。

Tamsin materialized at her side, notebook at the ready.
9
娜奥米把她当母亲的经历字字辛酸地写进了小说。

nà ào mǐ bǎ tā dāng mǔqīn de jīnglì zì zì xīnsuān dì xiě jìn le xiǎoshuō。

Naomi's mothering experiences are poignantly described in her fiction.
10
我们很不愿意踏上如此漫长艰辛的回家之路。

wǒmen hěn bù yuànyì tàshàng rúcǐ màncháng jiānxīn de huíjiā zhī lù。

We were reluctant to start the long trudge home.

Ask Jason

Have a question about 辛?

Jason answers about this word at your level: example sentences, how it differs from similar words, and a way to remember it.

Sign in free to ask. New accounts start with 200 AI credits.

Cultural Notes for 辛

💡Did you know?

The character 辛 is not only used to describe hardship but also has historical significance as it represents the eighth Heavenly Stem in ancient Chinese cosmology, which was used for calendrical and astrological purposes.

Word Family of 辛

Compounds34
辩biànto dispute
辣làold variant of 辣[là]
辞cíold variant of 辭
辜gūsurname Gu
宰zǎito slaughter livestock
辨biànto distinguish
辫biàna braid or queue
瓣bànpetal
辟bìking
锌xīnzinc
梓zǐCatalpa ovata
骍xīng
莘shēnnumerous, long; a marsh plant with a medicinal root
乵yǎn
厗tístone, mineral; antimony
屖xī
垶xīng
峷shēn
觪xīng
辝cí
辠zuì
辡biàn
辢là
辤cí
辥xuēa variety of marsh grass
辦bànto set up; to manage, to run; to deal with, to handle
辧biàn
辪xuē
辬bān
辭cíwords, speech; to resign, to take leave
辮biànbraid, pigtail, plait; queue
辯biànto argue, to dispute; to discuss, to debate
鋅xīnzinc
騂xīng
Words containing this character18
辛苦xīnkǔhard
辛Xīnhard
艰辛jiānxīnhardships艱辛
辛普森xīnpǔsēnSimpson (name)
辛勤xīnqínhardworking
辛辛苦苦xīnxīnkǔkǔpainstakingly
辛酸xīnsuānbitter
辛辛那提xīnxīnnàtíCincinnati, Ohio
辛辣xīnlàspicy hot (taste)
辛劳xīnláolaborious辛勞
千辛万苦qiānxīnwànkǔwith difficulty千辛萬苦
辛格xīngéSingh (name)
辛亥革命xīnhàigémìngXinhai Revolution (1911), which ended the Qing Dynasty
赫尔辛基hè’ěrxīnjīHelsinki (Swedish Helsingfors), capital of Finland赫爾辛基
施瓦辛格shīwǎxīngéArnold Schwarzenegger (1947-), US actor and politician, governor of California 2003-2011
奥斯威辛àosīwēixīnAuschwitz (concentration camp)奧斯威辛
基辛格jīxīngéHenry Kissinger (1923-), US academic and politician, Secretary of State 1973-1977
含辛茹苦hánxīnrúkǔto bear one's cross
Exercise 1 of 4

Characters with 辛

What does 辩 mean?

Frequently asked questions about 辛

In Chinese culture, 辛 is significant as it represents the concept of hard work and suffering. It is also part of the traditional calendar system, where it corresponds to specific elements and energies associated with the eighth position in the Heavenly Stems.

Jason Recommends

Not sure what to learn after 辛?

Jason picks three words from your level and explains why each one is worth your time next. It takes a free account so he knows what you already know.

A sample week, replayed. Every page you study lands here in the order you did it — your own replay starts with a free account.

See the Learning Lab