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鲶 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
鲶niáncatfish; sheatn, 16 strokes, radical 鱼, rank #97704, Very Hard
鲶niánsheatfish (Parasilurus asotus)unknown, 16 strokes, radical 鱼, rank #97704, Very Hard
鲶niánoriental catfishunknown, 16 strokes, radical 鱼, rank #97704, Very Hard
nián(nian2) T2
  1. 1catfish; sheat
  2. 2sheatfish (Parasilurus asotus)
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026

鲶(鯰)nián(nian2)

The character 鲶 (nián) refers to a type of catfish, particularly the oriental catfish or sheatfish. It is often used in culinary contexts, especially in dishes that feature freshwater fish, highlighting its importance in Chinese cuisine.

Strokes16Radical鱼Frequency#97704DifficultyVery Hard
Cultural Note

In Chinese culture, catfish are often featured in local dishes and are seen as a symbol of prosperity, especially in regions where fishing is a primary industry. They play a significant role in traditional cooking methods, especially during festive celebrations.

Memory Tip

Think of the character 鲶 as a 'fishy' friend who has a 'n' (like the sound of 'nián') in its name. The radical 魚 (fish) at the bottom indicates its connection to aquatic life, while the top part can remind you of a catfish's whiskers, making it easier to remember.

Meanings of 鲶

nián(nian2)
1catfish; sheat
2sheatfish (Parasilurus asotus)
Exercise 1 of 2

Listen & Choose the Meaning

Choose the correct answer:

About 鲶

鲶Simplified
鯰Traditional
16Strokes
鱼Radical
名词míngcínoun (n.)Part of Speech
#—Frequency Rank

Podcast: 鲶

JasonAmy

Podcast: 鲶

Listen to Jason & Amy break down this word for you

AI Study Notes for 鲶

Quick Contrast

鲤 (lǐ, carp) — choose 鲶 (nián) when referring specifically to catfish, while 鲤 (lǐ) denotes carp.

Usage Notes

This word is primarily used in informal contexts related to food or fishing. A common mistake is confusing 鲶 with similar fish names; ensure you don't mix up 鮎 (āyú), which refers to a different type of fish. Additionally, be mindful of the pronunciation to avoid confusion with other fish names.

HSK Study Tips

Although 鲶 is not in the HSK vocabulary lists, it can be associated with other aquatic or food-related words at the same level. Learners should focus on recognizing the radical 魚 and how it relates to other fish-related characters.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 鲶 with other fish characters like 鮎, leading to miscommunication about specific dishes. For instance, saying '我想吃鮎' instead of '我想吃鲶' can cause confusion about the type of fish being ordered.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 鲶

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Etymology of 鲶

Formation Typepictophonetic
六书 ClassificationPhono-semantic (形声字)~80-90% of characters
Explanation

Phonosemantic compound. 鱼 represents the meaning and 念 represents the sound. Simplified form of 鯰.

Memory Hint

fish

Semantic (meaning)鱼
+
Phonetic (sound)念
Learn more about Phono-semantic (形声字) characters

Jason Etymology Detective

Case file: 鲶

Phonosemantic compound. 鱼 represents the meaning and 念 represents the sound. Simplified form of 鯰.

  1. 1The meaning half鱼 carries the sense.
  2. 2The sound half念 is there for the reading, not the meaning.
  3. 3The giveawayfish
  4. 4On the record aspictophonetic.

Every clue here comes from the character's recorded structure — nothing is guessed.

Want the full history of 鲶? Jason searches the paleographic record, weighs the competing accounts and judges the popular story.

Charged once for this character — everyone reads it afterwards.
Exercise 1 of 1

Character Formation Type

What type of character formation is 鲶?

Decomposition of 鲶

IDS Structure⿰鱼念
鲶Full Character
=
鱼Yu2
left
念nian4
right
Exercise 1 of 2

Identify the Components

Which of these is a component of 鲶?

How to say catfish; sheat in Chinese

“catfish; sheat” in Chinese is鲶nián

The character 鲶 (nián) refers to a type of catfish, particularly the oriental catfish or sheatfish. It is often used in culinary contexts, especially in dishes that feature freshwater fish, highlighting its importance in Chinese cuisine.

When to use 鲶

This word is primarily used in informal contexts related to food or fishing. A common mistake is confusing 鲶 with similar fish names; ensure you don't mix up 鮎 (āyú), which refers to a different type of fish. Additionally, be mindful of the pronunciation to avoid confusion with other fish names.

鲶 or something close to it

鲤 (lǐ, carp) — choose 鲶 (nián) when referring specifically to catfish, while 鲤 (lǐ) denotes carp.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse 鲶 with other fish characters like 鮎, leading to miscommunication about specific dishes. For instance, saying '我想吃鮎' instead of '我想吃鲶' can cause confusion about the type of fish being ordered.

Write 鲶

鲶

Practice writing 鲶 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Word Family of 鲶

Words Containing This Character2
鲶niánoriental catfish鯰
鲶鱼catfish鯰魚
Exercise 1 of 2

Compound Meaning

What does 鲶 mean?

Frequently Asked Questions about 鲶

鲶 specifically refers to catfish, while other names like 鮎 (āyú) refer to different fish species.

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Not sure what to learn after 鲶?

Jason picks three words from your level and explains why each one is worth your time next. It takes a free account so he knows what you already know.