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壕 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
háoditch; trench; channel, moatn, 17 strokes, radical 土, rank #52929, Very Hard
háo(military) trenchunknown, 17 strokes, radical 土, rank #52929, Very Hard
háo(hao2) T2
  1. 1ditch; trench; channel, moat
  2. 2(military) trench
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March 24, 2026

háo(hao2)

The character 壕 (háo) primarily refers to a ditch or trench, often used in military contexts to denote protective channels dug into the ground. It can also refer to a moat surrounding a castle or fortification, emphasizing its role in defense and separation. In a broader sense, it can indicate any kind of channel used for water drainage or as a boundary.

Strokes17RadicalFrequency#52929DifficultyVery Hard
Cultural Note

In historical China, moats were commonly used around cities and fortresses to enhance defense mechanisms, reflecting the importance of military strategy in Chinese history. The construction and maintenance of these ditches were critical during warfare, illustrating the ingenuity of ancient Chinese fortifications.

Memory Tip

Imagine a large, deep ditch (壕) that protects a castle. The character has the radical '土' (earth) at the bottom, suggesting it's something dug into the ground, while the top part resembles a roof providing shelter. Picture soldiers hiding in this ditch (háo) during a battle, creating a memorable image to link its meaning and sound.

Meanings of 壕

háo(hao2)
1ditch; trench; channel, moat
2(military) trench
Exercise 1 of 2

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About 壕

Simplified
17Strokes
Radical
名词míngcínoun (n.)Part of Speech
#—Frequency Rank

Podcast: 壕

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AI Study Notes for 壕

Memory Mnemonic

Imagine a large, deep ditch (壕) that protects a castle. The character has the radical '土' (earth) at the bottom, suggesting it's something dug into the ground, while the top part resembles a roof providing shelter. Picture soldiers hiding in this ditch (háo) during a battle, creating a memorable image to link its meaning and sound.

Usage Notes

壕 is primarily used in formal or military contexts, so it may not be commonly encountered in everyday conversation. Be cautious with its pronunciation; the tone is essential as it distinguishes it from similar-sounding words. Common collocations include '壕沟' (háogōu - trench) and '防御壕' (fángyùháo - defensive trench).

HSK Study Tips

While 壕 is not included in the HSK vocabulary lists, it connects to other words related to military and construction themes, such as '墙' (qiáng - wall) and '洞' (dòng - hole). Focus on understanding related terms and the contexts in which they are used, particularly in discussions about defense strategies.

Cultural Note

In historical China, moats were commonly used around cities and fortresses to enhance defense mechanisms, reflecting the importance of military strategy in Chinese history. The construction and maintenance of these ditches were critical during warfare, illustrating the ingenuity of ancient Chinese fortifications.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 壕 (háo) with similar characters like 槽 (cáo - trough) or 沟 (gōu - ditch), leading to incorrect usage. It's important to remember that 壕 specifically implies a protective or military context, so using it in casual settings can sound awkward.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 壕

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Etymology of 壕

Formation Typepictophonetic
六书 ClassificationPhono-semantic (形声字)~80-90% of characters
Explanation

Phonosemantic compound. 土 represents the meaning and 豪 represents the sound.

Memory Hint

earth

Semantic (meaning)
+
Phonetic (sound)
Learn more about Phono-semantic (形声字) characters
Exercise 1 of 1

Character Formation Type

What type of character formation is 壕?

Decomposition of 壕

IDS Structure⿰土豪
Full Character
=
Tu3
left
hao2
right
Exercise 1 of 2

Identify the Components

Which of these is a component of 壕?

Write 壕

Practice writing stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

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Grammar Patterns of 壕

壕 functions as a noun — it names a person, place, thing, or concept. Place it as a subject before the verb (主+谓) or as an object after the verb (谓+宾). Most Chinese nouns require a measure word between the number and the noun (e.g. 一个/三本). It carries 2 related meanings, each with its own usage notes below. The example sentences below show it in action, with practice buttons (Listen, Practice Writing, Practice Speaking) on every line.

Exercise 1 of 4

Complete the Sentence

他们挖好____沟,等候敌人进攻.

They dug in and waited for the enemy's attack.

Example Sentences for 壕 (2)

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1
他们挖好壕沟,等候敌人进攻.

tā mén wā hǎo háo gōu, , děng hòu dí rén jìn.

They dug in and waited for the enemy's attack.
2
该营直接开到机场掘壕防守。

gāi yíng zhí jiē kāi dào jī cháng jué háo fáng shǒu。

The battalion went directly to the airport to begin digging in.

Cultural Notes for 壕

🏮Cultural insight

In historical China, moats were commonly used around cities and fortresses to enhance defense mechanisms, reflecting the importance of military strategy in Chinese history. The construction and maintenance of these ditches were critical during warfare, illustrating the ingenuity of ancient Chinese fortifications.

Word Family of 壕

Words Containing This Character4
战壕trench戰壕
háomoat
壕沟trench壕溝
战壕热trench fever戰壕熱
Exercise 1 of 4

Compound Meaning

What does 战壕 mean?

Frequently Asked Questions about 壕

壕 (háo) refers to a larger, more fortified ditch or trench, often used in military contexts, while 沟 (gōu) typically indicates a smaller drainage ditch.