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苦力 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
苦力kǔlìbitter workHSK 7, unknown, 10 strokes, rank #16789, Very Hard
苦力kǔlìhard toilHSK 7, unknown, 10 strokes, rank #16789, Very Hard
苦力kǔlì(loanword) coolie, unskilled Chinese laborer in colonial timesHSK 7, unknown, 10 strokes, rank #16789, Very Hard
kǔlì(ku3li4)ku li T3
  1. 1bitter work
  2. 2hard toil
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March 24, 2026

苦力kǔlì(ku3li4)

苦力 (kǔlì) refers to hard, labor-intensive work, often associated with low-skilled laborers. Historically, it was used to describe unskilled Chinese workers, particularly during colonial times, who often faced harsh conditions and exploitation. The term conveys a sense of toil and hardship.

Strokes10Frequency#16789DifficultyVery Hard
Cultural note

The term 苦力 is deeply rooted in the history of Chinese migration, especially during the 19th and early 20th centuries when many Chinese laborers were sent abroad for hard labor in various industries, reflecting on the struggles faced by these workers.

Memory tip

Imagine a 'bitter' (苦) worker (力) straining under heavy loads, sweat dripping down their face. The character 苦 resembles a bitter herb, while 力, meaning strength or power, represents the effort they exert in their labor.

Meanings of 苦力

kǔlì(ku3li4)
1bitter work
2hard toil
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About 苦力

苦力Simplified
10Strokes
—Radical
#—Frequency Rank
HSK 3.0L7AdvancedBCT✓CEFRC2

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AI study notes for 苦力

Quick Contrast

劳动力 (láodònglì) - use 苦力 when emphasizing the hardship and low status of labor, while 劳动力 focuses on the workforce aspect without the same connotation of suffering.

Usage Notes

While 苦力 is primarily used in a historical context, it can also appear in discussions about labor rights or social issues. Be cautious with the tone; using it in a derogatory manner can be offensive. Common collocations include '苦力工作' (hard labor work) and '苦力阶层' (working class).

HSK Study Tips

Although 苦力 is not part of the official HSK vocabulary list, it connects to themes of work and labor found in HSK Level 3 and beyond. Students should focus on understanding its historical context and usage in modern discussions about labor.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 苦力 with general terms for worker or laborer. For example, saying '我做苦力是工人' (I am a worker who does hard labor) is incorrect; it should be '我做苦力的工作' (I do hard labor work).

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 苦力

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Component characters

苦kǔbitter
HSK 48 strokes艹
View full entry
力lìpower
HSK 52 strokes力
View full entry

How to say bitter work in Chinese

“bitter work” in Chinese is苦力kǔlì

苦力 (kǔlì) refers to hard, labor-intensive work, often associated with low-skilled laborers. Historically, it was used to describe unskilled Chinese workers, particularly during colonial times, who often faced harsh conditions and exploitation. The term conveys a sense of toil and hardship.

When to use 苦力

While 苦力 is primarily used in a historical context, it can also appear in discussions about labor rights or social issues. Be cautious with the tone; using it in a derogatory manner can be offensive. Common collocations include '苦力工作' (hard labor work) and '苦力阶层' (working class).

苦力 or something close to it

劳动力 (láodònglì) - use 苦力 when emphasizing the hardship and low status of labor, while 劳动力 focuses on the workforce aspect without the same connotation of suffering.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse 苦力 with general terms for worker or laborer. For example, saying '我做苦力是工人' (I am a worker who does hard labor) is incorrect; it should be '我做苦力的工作' (I do hard labor work).

Write 苦力

苦
力

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Cultural Notes for 苦力

🌏Cross-cultural Insight

Unlike the more general term 'laborer' in Western contexts, 苦力 carries specific historical and cultural connotations tied to exploitation and colonialism.

Frequently asked questions about 苦力

It refers to hard labor, often associated with unskilled workers, and has historical connotations related to exploitation.

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