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閑 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
閑xiánfence, guard; to defend; idle timezg, 12 strokes, radical 門
xián(xian2)xian T2
  1. 1fence, guard; to defend; idle time
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March 24, 2026

閑xián(xian2)

The character 閑 (xián) primarily means 'idle' or 'leisurely.' It is often used to describe a state of being free from work or obligations, allowing for relaxation and enjoyment. The nuance of this word conveys a sense of peacefulness and tranquility in one’s free time.

Strokes12Radical門
Cultural note

In Chinese culture, the concept of leisure is often associated with the idea of balance in life. Many traditional practices, including tai chi and tea ceremonies, emphasize the importance of taking time to relax and reflect, which aligns with the meaning of 閑.

Memory tip

Imagine a quiet garden (the fence represented by the radical 門) where you can relax and enjoy leisure time. Picture yourself sitting idly in this garden, surrounded by a fence that keeps distractions away, helping you remember that 閑 (xián) means idle or leisurely.

Meanings of 閑

xián(xian2)
1fence, guard; to defend; idle time
Exercise 1 of 2

By ear

Play it, then pick what 閑 means.

About 閑

閑Simplified
12Strokes
門Radical
状态词stative word (stat.)Part of Speech
#—Frequency Rank

Podcast: 閑

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Podcast: 閑

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AI study notes for 閑

Quick Contrast

闲 (xián) vs 空闲 (kòngxián) — use 闲 for a more relaxed, leisurely connotation, while 空闲 emphasizes availability or free time.

Usage Notes

Be careful not to confuse 閑 with other similar characters like 干 (gān), which means 'to do' or 'to work.' This word is more commonly used in informal contexts; in formal writing, you might encounter synonyms like 闲暇 (xiánxiá) for 'leisure time.' Pay attention to using the correct tone, as the wrong tone could change the meaning.

HSK Study Tips

Although 閑 is not part of the HSK vocabulary, it connects well with other words related to leisure, such as 休息 (xiūxí, 'rest') and 放松 (fàngsōng, 'relax'). At this level, focus on understanding its usage in sentences about free time and leisure activities.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 閑 with the character 闷 (mèn), which means 'bored' or 'stuffy.' For example, saying '我今天很闷' (wǒ jīntiān hěn xián) incorrectly implies boredom instead of leisure. The correct usage for leisure would be '我今天很闲' (wǒ jīntiān hěn xián).

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 閑

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Etymology of 閑

Formation typeIdeographic 指事
六书 ClassificationIdeograph (指事字)~2% of characters
Memory hint

A wooden fence 木 with a door 門

Learn more about Ideograph (指事字) characters
Exercise 1 of 1

Origin

What kind of character is 閑?

Decomposition of 閑

IDS Structure⿵門木
閑Full character
=
門men2
enclosing
木Mu4
inner
Exercise 1 of 2

Parts

Which of these is part of 閑?

How to say fence, guard; to defend; idle time in Chinese

“fence, guard; to defend; idle time” in Chinese is閑xián

The character 閑 (xián) primarily means 'idle' or 'leisurely.' It is often used to describe a state of being free from work or obligations, allowing for relaxation and enjoyment. The nuance of this word conveys a sense of peacefulness and tranquility in one’s free time.

When to use 閑

Be careful not to confuse 閑 with other similar characters like 干 (gān), which means 'to do' or 'to work.' This word is more commonly used in informal contexts; in formal writing, you might encounter synonyms like 闲暇 (xiánxiá) for 'leisure time.' Pay attention to using the correct tone, as the wrong tone could change the meaning.

閑 or something close to it

闲 (xián) vs 空闲 (kòngxián) — use 闲 for a more relaxed, leisurely connotation, while 空闲 emphasizes availability or free time.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse 閑 with the character 闷 (mèn), which means 'bored' or 'stuffy.' For example, saying '我今天很闷' (wǒ jīntiān hěn xián) incorrectly implies boredom instead of leisure. The correct usage for leisure would be '我今天很闲' (wǒ jīntiān hěn xián).

Write 閑

閑

Practice writing 閑 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

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Word Family of 閑

Words containing this character20
休闲xiūxiánleisure休閒
闲xiánto stay idle閑
闲聊xiánliáoto chat閑聊
闲逛xiánguàngto stroll閑逛
管闲事guǎnxiánshìto meddle管閒事
多管闲事duōguǎnxiánshìmeddling in other people's business多管閒事
空闲kòngxiánidle空閒
悠闲yōuxiánleisurely悠閒
闲置xiánzhìto lie idle閒置
游手好闲yóushǒuhàoxiánto idle about遊手好閑
闲话xiánhuàdigression閑話
闲暇xiánxiáleisure閑暇
闲人xiánrénidler閑人
闲事xiánshìother people's business閑事
闲谈xiántánto chat閑談
清闲qīngxiánidle清閒
闲扯xiánchěto chat閒扯
闲散xiánsǎnidle閑散
闲适xiánshìrelaxed閑適
闲言碎语xiányánsuìyǔidle gossip閑言碎語
Exercise 1 of 4

Words with 閑

What does 休闲 mean?

Frequently asked questions about 閑

Common phrases include 閒暇時間 (xiánxiá shíjiān), meaning 'leisure time,' and 閒聊 (xiánliáo), which means 'casual conversation.'

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