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苦心 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
苦心kǔxīnpainstaking effortHSK 7, unknown, 12 strokes, rank #33769, Very Hard
苦心kǔxīnto take a lot of troubleHSK 7, unknown, 12 strokes, rank #33769, Very Hard
苦心kǔxīnlaborious at painsHSK 7, unknown, 12 strokes, rank #33769, Very Hard
kǔxīn(ku3xin1)ku xin T3
  1. 1painstaking effort
  2. 2to take a lot of trouble
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March 24, 2026

苦心kǔxīn(ku3xin1)

苦心 (kǔxīn) refers to the effort and care someone puts into a task, often implying that it requires significant emotional or physical labor. It is commonly used to describe someone who goes to great lengths to achieve a goal or to express deep concern for someone else's well-being or success.

Strokes12Frequency#33769DifficultyVery Hard
Cultural note

The concept of 苦心 reflects the traditional Chinese value of diligence and hard work, which is deeply embedded in the culture. This is especially evident in the context of education, where students are often expected to invest great effort into their studies.

Memory tip

Imagine a person with a pained expression (苦) on their face, sweating as they work hard (心) on a project. The 'ku' sounds like 'cue' — they are cuing up their effort, while 'xin' sounds like 'sin' — suggesting they feel guilty for not doing enough, thus indicating their painstaking effort.

Meanings of 苦心

kǔxīn(ku3xin1)
1painstaking effort
2to take a lot of trouble
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About 苦心

苦心Simplified
12Strokes
—Radical
名词míngcínoun (n.)Part of Speech
#—Frequency Rank
HSK 3.0L7AdvancedCEFRC2

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AI study notes for 苦心

Quick Contrast

苦心 (kǔxīn) vs 辛苦 (xīnkǔ): Use 苦心 when emphasizing the emotional effort and care in a task, while 辛苦 focuses more on the physical hardship endured.

Usage Notes

When using 苦心, it is important to pair it with contexts that emphasize effort or concern. Avoid using it in a casual context, as it carries a tone of seriousness. A common collocation is '苦心经营' (kǔxīn jīngyíng), meaning 'to manage with painstaking effort.'

HSK Study Tips

While 苦心 is not on the official HSK list, its components are relevant for learners at HSK 4 and above. Students should focus on recognizing the individual characters and their meanings, as well as how they combine to convey a nuanced concept of effort and care.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 苦心 with simply working hard (努力), missing the nuance of emotional investment. For instance, saying '他努力了' (Tā nǔlìle) does not convey the same depth of effort as '他苦心了' (Tā kǔxīnlè), which highlights both the effort and the concern involved.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 苦心

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Component characters

苦kǔbitter
HSK 48 strokes艹
View full entry
心xīnheart
HSK 44 strokes心
View full entry

How to say painstaking effort in Chinese

“painstaking effort” in Chinese is苦心kǔxīn

苦心 (kǔxīn) refers to the effort and care someone puts into a task, often implying that it requires significant emotional or physical labor. It is commonly used to describe someone who goes to great lengths to achieve a goal or to express deep concern for someone else's well-being or success.

When to use 苦心

When using 苦心, it is important to pair it with contexts that emphasize effort or concern. Avoid using it in a casual context, as it carries a tone of seriousness. A common collocation is '苦心经营' (kǔxīn jīngyíng), meaning 'to manage with painstaking effort.'

苦心 or something close to it

苦心 (kǔxīn) vs 辛苦 (xīnkǔ): Use 苦心 when emphasizing the emotional effort and care in a task, while 辛苦 focuses more on the physical hardship endured.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse 苦心 with simply working hard (努力), missing the nuance of emotional investment. For instance, saying '他努力了' (Tā nǔlìle) does not convey the same depth of effort as '他苦心了' (Tā kǔxīnlè), which highlights both the effort and the concern involved.

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苦
心

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Frequently asked questions about 苦心

苦心 emphasizes the emotional or mental effort and care taken in a task, while 努力 (nǔlì) simply means to work hard.

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