Meanings of 艰苦
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Podcast: 艰苦
Podcast: 艰苦
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AI Study Notes for 艰苦
艰难 (jiānnán) - use 艰苦 for physical or laborious challenges, while 艰难 often refers to more abstract or metaphorical difficulties.
艰苦 is often used in both formal and informal contexts, but typically in discussions about struggles or perseverance. Be careful with the tone; it is pronounced with the first tone (jian) and the third tone (ku), which can change the meaning if mispronounced. Common collocations include '艰苦的生活' (difficult life) and '艰苦的工作' (hard work).
As an HSK 5 word, 艰苦 connects with other vocabulary related to challenges and perseverance. Students should focus on using it in sentences that describe personal experiences or historical events involving hardship.
Learners often confuse 艰苦 with 简单 (simple), leading to incorrect phrases like '艰苦的事情' when they mean '简单的事情'. Ensure you understand the contrast between hardship and simplicity.
Pronunciation of 艰苦
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Component Characters
How to say difficult in Chinese
“difficult” in Chinese is艰苦
艰苦 means difficult or arduous, often used to describe challenging situations or experiences that require significant effort and endurance. It can refer to physical hardships, such as labor-intensive tasks, or metaphorical struggles, like overcoming personal obstacles.
When to use 艰苦
艰苦 is often used in both formal and informal contexts, but typically in discussions about struggles or perseverance. Be careful with the tone; it is pronounced with the first tone (jian) and the third tone (ku), which can change the meaning if mispronounced. Common collocations include '艰苦的生活' (difficult life) and '艰苦的工作' (hard work).
艰苦 or something close to it
艰难 (jiānnán) - use 艰苦 for physical or laborious challenges, while 艰难 often refers to more abstract or metaphorical difficulties.
What learners get wrong
Learners often confuse 艰苦 with 简单 (simple), leading to incorrect phrases like '艰苦的事情' when they mean '简单的事情'. Ensure you understand the contrast between hardship and simplicity.
Write 艰苦
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Practice writing 艰苦 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.
Grammar Patterns of 艰苦
艰苦 functions as an adjective. In Chinese it behaves like a stative verb: place it directly after the subject without 是 (我很高，not 我是高). Use 不 to negate (不高) and pair it with 很 in plain affirmative sentences. It carries 3 related meanings, each with its own usage notes below. The example sentences below show it in action, with practice buttons (Listen, Practice Writing, Practice Speaking) on every line.
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你是否付出____努力以取得成功，而不是只在那里做白日梦？
Do you work hard for success rather than daydream about it?
Example Sentences for 艰苦 (10)
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Frequently Asked Questions about 艰苦
You can use 艰苦 to describe both physical and emotional challenges, such as enduring a tough job or dealing with personal hardships.
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