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单 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
单shànbillHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单shànlistHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单shànformHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单shànsingleHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单shànonlyHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单shànsoleHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单shànodd numberHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单shànsingle, individual, only; loneHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单shànsurname ShanHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānbillHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānlistHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānformHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānsingleHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānonlyHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānsoleHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānodd numberHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānsingle, individual, only; loneHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
单dānsurname ShanHSK 5, n, 8 strokes, radical 丷, rank #1225, Hard
dān(dan1)
primary
T1
  1. 1bill
  2. 2list
Also a Chinese surname, Shan — see the Surname Dictionary
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026

单(單)dān(dan1)

The character '单' (dān) primarily means 'single' or 'only', and it can also refer to a 'bill' or 'form'. It's commonly used in contexts where you want to express individuality or singularity, such as a single item or a list. Additionally, it can denote odd numbers in a numerical context.

Strokes8Radical丷Frequency#1225DifficultyHard
Cultural Note

In Chinese dining culture, asking for the '单' (bill) can signify the end of a meal, and it’s common to split the '单' among friends. This reflects the social aspect of dining in China, where sharing and treating one another is significant.

Memory Tip

Imagine a lone single leaf (单) fluttering in the wind. The shape of the character resembles a leaf standing alone, emphasizing the concept of being single or solitary. Picture the leaf as a bill, fluttering in the breeze, reminding you of its other meaning.

Meanings of 单

dān(dan1)
primary
1bill
2list
Exercise 1 of 2

Listen & Choose the Meaning

Choose the correct answer:

About 单

单Simplified
單Traditional
8Strokes
丷Radical
形容词xíngróngcíadnq (adj.)Part of Speech
#1225Frequency Rank
HSK 3.0L5IntermediateTOCFLL4HSKKL2CEFRB1

Podcast: 单

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Podcast: 单

Listen to Jason & Amy break down this word for you

AI Study Notes for 单

Quick Contrast

单 (single) vs 独 (alone) — use 单 when emphasizing singularity in quantity, while 独 conveys a sense of solitude or being alone.

Usage Notes

Be mindful of using '单' appropriately in both formal and informal contexts. For instance, '单身' (dān shēn) means 'single' as in not married, whereas in a restaurant, you might ask for the '单' (bill). Common mistakes include confusing it with '双' (shuāng), which means 'double'.

HSK Study Tips

Although '单' is not explicitly listed in HSK levels, it's useful for beginners as it connects to basic vocabulary about numbers and personal status. Focus on its usage in phrases like '单个' (dān gè - single unit) and '单独' (dān dú - alone) to enhance your understanding.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse '单' with '双' (double). For example, saying '我想要一个双的单' (wǒ xiǎng yào yī gè shuāng de dān) mistakenly suggests a 'double bill' instead of just asking for a 'single bill'. The correct phrase would simply be '我想要一个单' (wǒ xiǎng yào yī gè dān).

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 单

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Etymology of 单

Explanation

Simplified form of 單. Pictograph of a hunting or military trap constructed from two rocks and a net. The current meaning "single" is a phonetic loan.

Learn more about character formation (六书)

Jason Etymology Detective

Case file: 单

Simplified form of 單. Pictograph of a hunting or military trap constructed from two rocks and a net. The current meaning "single" is a phonetic loan.

Every clue here comes from the character's recorded structure — nothing is guessed.

Want the full history of 单? Jason searches the paleographic record, weighs the competing accounts and judges the popular story.

Charged once for this character — everyone reads it afterwards.

Decomposition of 单

IDS Structure⿱丷?
单Full Character
=
丷ha5
top
Exercise 1 of 1

Identify the Components

Which of these is a component of 单?

How to say bill in Chinese

“bill” in Chinese is单shàn

The character '单' (dān) primarily means 'single' or 'only', and it can also refer to a 'bill' or 'form'. It's commonly used in contexts where you want to express individuality or singularity, such as a single item or a list. Additionally, it can denote odd numbers in a numerical context.

When to use 单

Be mindful of using '单' appropriately in both formal and informal contexts. For instance, '单身' (dān shēn) means 'single' as in not married, whereas in a restaurant, you might ask for the '单' (bill). Common mistakes include confusing it with '双' (shuāng), which means 'double'.

单 or something close to it

单 (single) vs 独 (alone) — use 单 when emphasizing singularity in quantity, while 独 conveys a sense of solitude or being alone.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse '单' with '双' (double). For example, saying '我想要一个双的单' (wǒ xiǎng yào yī gè shuāng de dān) mistakenly suggests a 'double bill' instead of just asking for a 'single bill'. The correct phrase would simply be '我想要一个单' (wǒ xiǎng yào yī gè dān).

Write 单

单

Practice writing 单 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Grammar Patterns of 单

单 functions as a noun — it names a person, place, thing, or concept. Place it as a subject before the verb (主+谓) or as an object after the verb (谓+宾). Most Chinese nouns require a measure word between the number and the noun (e.g. 一个/三本). It carries 9 related meanings, each with its own usage notes below. The example sentences below show it in action, with practice buttons (Listen, Practice Writing, Practice Speaking) on every line.

Exercise 1 of 2

Complete the Sentence

中文一点儿也不简____。

Chinese is not simple at all.

Common Confusions with 单

单vs担
dān

Similar sound and some visual similarity.

Exercise 1 of 1

Spot the Difference

Which character means "bill"?

or

Example Sentences for 单 (10)

Listen to all sentences once to receive XP
1
我们的床单有些次,您将就着用吧。

wǒ mén de chuáng dān yǒu xiē cì, , nín jiāng jiù zháo yòng。

We're a bit low on bed linen. You'll have to make do.
2
你倒是来者不拒,照单全收,可你自己实际上却一毛不拔。

nǐ dǎo shì lái zhě bù jù, , zhào dān quán, shōu , kě nǐ zì jǐ shí jì shàng què yī máo。

You'll take everything you're offered yet your own generosity is virtually non-existent.
3
你看到年轻人在这种天气里衣衫单薄地去上学。

nǐ kàn dào nián qīng rén zài zhè zhǒng tiān qì lǐ yī shān dān báo dì qù shàng xué。

You see young people going to school inadequately dressed for the weather.
4
单程票的价格是39英镑。

dān chéng piào de jià gé shì39 39 yīng。

The price of a single ticket is thirty-nine pounds.
5
遗憾的是,过于简单的情节使得这部电影差强人意。

yí hàn de shì, , guò yú jiǎn dān de qíng jié shǐ dé zhè bù diàn yǐng chà qiáng rén。

Sadly, the film is let down by an excessively simple plot.
6
重新设计的目的是多方面的,但又是简单的。

zhòng xīn shè jì de mù de shì duō fāng miàn de, , dàn yòu shì jiǎn dān。

The aims of the redesign are wide-ranging but simple.
7
该书的目的是要让经济学理论更加简单易懂。

gāi shū de mù de shì yào ràng jīng jì xué lǐ lùn gēng jiā jiǎn dān yì dǒng。

The book's aim was to make economic theory more digestible.
8
侍者把他们点的餐端了过来,格雷厄姆签了单。

shì zhě bǎ tā mén diǎn de cān duān le guò lái, , gé léi è mǔ qiān le。

The waiter returned with their order and Graham signed the bill.
9
同其他同类情况相比,这件事还算简单。

tóng qí tā tóng lèi qíng kuàng xiāng bǐ, , zhè jiàn shì huán suàn jiǎn。

This is a straightforward case, as these things go.
10
名单上大部分是爱尔兰名字,这没什么不合适的。

míng dān shàng dà bù fēn shì ài ěr lán míng zì, , zhè méi shí mó bù hé shì。

It is appropriate that Irish names dominate the list.

Cultural Notes for 单

💡Did you know?

'单' can refer to a bill, which is common in Chinese restaurants. The term is used when you ask for the check after a meal.

📜Proverb

There is a Chinese saying '单刀直入', which means to speak directly and clearly without beating around the bush.

Word Family of 单

Compounds16
弹dan4crossball
禅chan2meditation, contemplation
阐chan3to express
惮dan4dread
蝉chan2cicada; continuous
掸dan3to dust; a duster
殚dan1utmost, entirely, quite; to use up
郸Dan1a county in Hebei province
亸
冁chan3smile
啴chan3many; to pant
婵chan2beautiful, graceful, lovely, pretty
瘅dan1bitter hatred; drought
箪dan1a small bamboo basket for rice
觯zhi4a horn of wine
椫
Words Containing This Character20
简单jiǎndānsimple簡單
单dānbill單
单位dānwèiunit (of measure)單位
名单míngdānlist (of names)名單
单独dāndúalone單獨
单身dānshēnunmarried單身
单纯dānchúnsimple單純
清单qīngdānlist of items清單
孤单gūdānlone孤單
菜单càidānmenu菜單
单一dānyīsingle單一
单元dānyuánelement單元
单子bill單子
订单dìngdān(purchase) order訂單
单词word單詞
账单zhàngdānbill賬單
床单chuángdānbed sheet床單
传单chuándānleaflet傳單
单车bike單車
单单only單單
Exercise 1 of 4

Compound Meaning

What does 弹 mean?

Frequently Asked Questions about 单

单 (dān) means single or only, while 单独 (dān dú) specifically means alone or independently. You would use 单 to describe something that is one in number, whereas 单独 emphasizes the state of being separate or by oneself.

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