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令 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
língclassifier for a ream of paperHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língto orderHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língto commandHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língan orderHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língwarrantHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língwritHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língto causeHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língto make sth happenHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língvirtuousHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
línghonorific titleHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língseasonHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
línggovernment position (old)HSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
língcommand, decree, order; magistrate; to allow, to causeHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngclassifier for a ream of paperHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngto orderHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngto commandHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngan orderHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngwarrantHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngwritHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngto causeHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngto make sth happenHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngvirtuousHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐnghonorific titleHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngseasonHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐnggovernment position (old)HSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lǐngcommand, decree, order; magistrate; to allow, to causeHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngclassifier for a ream of paperHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngto orderHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngto commandHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngan orderHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngwarrantHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngwritHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngto causeHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngto make sth happenHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngvirtuousHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìnghonorific titleHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngseasonHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìnggovernment position (old)HSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìngcommand, decree, order; magistrate; to allow, to causeHSK 5, v, 5 strokes, radical 人, rank #523, Medium
lìng(ling4)
primary
T4
  1. 1classifier for a ream of paper
  2. 2to order
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026
lìng(ling4)

The character 令 (líng) primarily means 'to order' or 'to command.' It is commonly used in contexts involving authority, such as giving orders or making something happen. Additionally, it can refer to an official decree or warrant, showcasing its connection to governance and hierarchy.

Strokes5RadicalFrequency#523DifficultyMedium
Cultural Note

In traditional Chinese governance, 令 (líng) was often associated with imperial commands and decrees, underscoring the importance of hierarchy and authority in Chinese culture. This character reflects the respect given to orders from higher authorities.

Memory Tip

Imagine a general giving a loud command to his troops, which helps you remember that 令 (líng) means 'to command.' The character has a top component that symbolizes authority (the radical for 'command') and a bottom component that looks like a person standing at attention, emphasizing the act of giving orders.

Meanings of 令

lìng(ling4)
primary
1classifier for a ream of paper
2to order
Exercise 1 of 3

Listen & Choose the Meaning

Choose the correct answer:

About 令

Simplified
5Strokes
Radical
名词míngcínoun (n.)Part of Speech
#523Frequency Rank
HSK 3.0L5IntermediateHSKKL3BCTCEFRB2

Podcast: 令

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Podcast:

Listen to Jason & Amy break down this word for you

AI Study Notes for 令

Quick Contrast

命 (mìng) vs 使 (shǐ) — choose 令 when emphasizing authority in giving orders, while 命 suggests a command related to fate or life, and 使 focuses on causing someone to do something.

Memory Mnemonic

Imagine a general giving a loud command to his troops, which helps you remember that 令 (líng) means 'to command.' The character has a top component that symbolizes authority (the radical for 'command') and a bottom component that looks like a person standing at attention, emphasizing the act of giving orders.

Usage Notes

Be cautious with the tone, as 令 (líng) is pronounced with a rising tone. It is often used in formal situations, so learners should be mindful of the context in which they use it. Common collocations include 令人生气 (lìng rén shēng qì - to make someone angry) and 令我惊讶 (lìng wǒ jīngyà - to surprise me).

HSK Study Tips

While 令 (líng) is not an official HSK word, it connects with HSK vocabulary related to commands and actions, such as 让 (ràng - to allow) and 听 (tīng - to listen). Students should practice using it in sentences to reinforce its meaning and usage.

Cultural Note

In traditional Chinese governance, 令 (líng) was often associated with imperial commands and decrees, underscoring the importance of hierarchy and authority in Chinese culture. This character reflects the respect given to orders from higher authorities.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 令 (líng) with 让 (ràng), using them interchangeably as in '我令你去' (wǒ líng nǐ qù) instead of the more appropriate '我让你去' (wǒ ràng nǐ qù). Remember, 令 implies a command, while 让 implies permission.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 令

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Etymology of 令

Formation TypeIdeographic 指事
六书 ClassificationIdeograph (指事字)~2% of characters
Explanation

Depicts a person (卩) receiving commands from a mouth (口) above them. Originally 令 and 命 were variations of the same character.

Memory Hint

A person kneeling before a master 人

Learn more about Ideograph (指事字) characters
Exercise 1 of 1

Character Formation Type

What type of character formation is 令?

Decomposition of 令

IDS Structure⿱人?
Full Character
=
ren2
top
Exercise 1 of 1

Identify the Components

Which of these is a component of 令?

Write 令

Practice writing stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Grammar Patterns of 令

令 functions as a verb — the action or state of the sentence. The Chinese order is Subject + Verb + Object (我吃饭). Negate it with 不 (habitual / future) or 没(有) (completed action). Add aspect markers like 了, 过, 着 directly after the verb. It carries 13 related meanings, each with its own usage notes below. The patterns below break down its most common sentence frames, with example sentences and practice buttons (Listen, Practice Writing, Practice Speaking) for each one.

是…的 emphasis是 + [V] + 的
HSK 3

Used to emphasize the action of ordering or commanding.

这是我命令的。

Zhè shì wǒ mìnglìng de.

This is what I ordered.

Exercise 1 of 4

Complete the Sentence

这件事____她吃不下饭。

This matter made her unable to eat.

Common Confusions with 令

vs
líng

Similar pronunciation but different meanings.

vs
lǐng

Similar pronunciation and can be confused in context.

Exercise 1 of 1

Spot the Difference

Which character means "classifier for a ream of paper"?

or

Usage Notes for 令

Misuse in commandsCommon Error

Learners often confuse '令' with other verbs when giving commands.

1

我令你去。

I order you to go.

Exercise 1 of 1

Fill in the Blank

我____你去。

I order you to go.

Example Sentences for 令 (10)

Listen to all sentences once to receive XP
1
类似劳埃德保险公司的那些丑闻令伦敦名声扫地。

lèi sì láo āi dé bǎo xiǎn gōng sī de nà xiē chǒu wén líng lún dūn míng shēng sǎo dì。

The City's reputation has been sullied by scandals like those at Lloyd's.
2
如果潮湿发霉的建筑令你生病了,霉菌很可能是病因。

rú guǒ cháo shī fā méi de jiàn zhù líng nǐ shēng bìng le, , méi jūn hěn kě néng shì bìng。

If damp, musty buildings make you ill, mould is probably the cause.
3
“上你自己的车,跟在我后面。”他命令道。

“ “ shàng nǐ zì jǐ de, chē , gēn zài wǒ。” hòu miàn 。” tā。

"Get in your car and follow me," he com-manded.
4
你必须输入命令,例如“帮助”或“打印”.

nǐ bì xū shū rù mìng líng, , lì“ rú “” bāng“ zhù ””.

You have to type in commands, such as "help" and "print"
5
迎接他的是大家齐唱《祝你生日快乐》,令他非常感动。

yíng jiē tā de shì dà jiā qí chàng《 《 zhù nǐ shēng rì kuài》, lè 》, líng tā fēi cháng。

He was greeted with a rousing chorus of Happy Birthday.
6
不容置疑的事实是,电脑执行逻辑操作指令。

bù róng zhì yí de shì shí shì, , diàn nǎo zhí háng luó jí cāo zuò zhǐ。

The indisputable fact is that computers carry out logical operations.
7
然后,令人吃惊的是,后门被宾顿猛地拉开了。

rán hòu, , líng rén chī jīng de, shì , hòu mén bèi bīn dùn měng dì lā。

Then, startlingly, the back door was jerked open by Binton.
8
蒙博托出身行伍,通过一级级晋升,最终成为了陆军司令。

mēng bó tuō chū shēn háng wǔ, , tōng guò yī jí jí jìn, shēng , zuì zhōng chéng wéi le lù jūn。

Mobutu ascended through the ranks, eventually becoming commander of the army.
9
与福特的密切合作开始令我爱上了电影。

yǔ fú tè de mì qiē hé zuò kāi shǐ líng wǒ ài shàng le diàn yǐng。

Working with Ford closely, I fell in love with the cinema.
10
他们经过时,响起了令人哀怜的恸哭。

tā mén jīng guò shí, , xiǎng qǐ le líng rén āi lián de tòng。

As they pass by, a piteous wailing is heard.

Cultural Notes for 令

🏮Cultural insight

In traditional Chinese governance, 令 (líng) was often associated with imperial commands and decrees, underscoring the importance of hierarchy and authority in Chinese culture. This character reflects the respect given to orders from higher authorities.

Word Family of 令

Compounds54
Leng3surname Leng
ling3neck
lian2to pity
ling2zero
lin2neighbor
ling2age
ling2(small) bell
ling2to hear, to listen
ling2the tinkling of jewelry
ling2clever
ling3mountain ridge, mountain peak
ling2a species of antelope
lin1to lift, to haul, to take
ling2prison, enclosure
Ling2nice and cool, mild and comfortable
ling2plume, tail feathers
ling4purine
ling2Eurya japonica
ling2Roman roof tiles; a long-necked jar
ling2houseboat; a small boat with windows
ling2fungus, tuber; licorice
ling2dragonfly, sandfly; Libellulidae
ling2lark, wagtail; Motacilla species (various)
ling2small bell
ling3neck, collar; lead, guide
魿
ling2lark, wagtail; Motacilla species (various)
ling2age; years
Words Containing This Character20
lìngto order
命令mìnglìngorder
令人to cause one (to do sth)
指令zhǐlìngorder
下令xiàlìngto command
责令to order責令
司令sīlìngcommanding officer
司令部headquarters
法令decree
禁令ban
夏令营xiàlìngyíngsummer camp夏令營
口令kǒulìngoral command
总司令commander-in-chief總司令
发号施令to boss people around (idiom)發號施令
司令官commander
勒令to order
司令员commander司令員
号令an order (esp. army)號令
令尊Your esteemed father (honorific)
令人发指to make one's hair stand up in anger (idiom); to raise people's hackles令人髮指
Exercise 1 of 4

Compound Meaning

What does 冷 mean?

Frequently Asked Questions about 令

While both 令 (lìng) and 命 (mìng) can mean 'to order' or 'to command,' 令 is often used in more formal or official contexts, whereas 命 can imply a more authoritative or imperative command. Understanding the context in which you use each word is important for conveying the right tone.