Skip to content
Start your Chinese Learning JourneyStart Now
荼 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
荼túa bitter vegetablev, 10 strokes, radical 艹, rank #36616, Very Hard
荼túthistleunknown, 10 strokes, radical 艹, rank #36616, Very Hard
荼túcommon sowthistle (Sonchus oleraceus)unknown, 10 strokes, radical 艹, rank #36616, Very Hard
荼túbitter (taste)unknown, 10 strokes, radical 艹, rank #36616, Very Hard
荼túcruelunknown, 10 strokes, radical 艹, rank #36616, Very Hard
荼túflowering grass in profusionunknown, 10 strokes, radical 艹, rank #36616, Very Hard
tú(tu2) T2
  1. 1a bitter vegetable
  2. 2thistle
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026

荼tú(tu2)

荼 (tú) primarily refers to a type of bitter vegetable, specifically the common sowthistle, which is often used in traditional Chinese medicine and cuisine. The character can also imply bitterness in taste or cruelty in behavior, giving it nuanced meanings depending on context, such as describing a bitter experience or harsh treatment.

Strokes10Radical艹Frequency#36616DifficultyVery Hard
Cultural Note

In Chinese culture, bitterness is often associated with endurance and resilience, reflected in sayings that highlight the value of enduring hardships for personal growth. The use of 荼 in traditional medicine underscores the importance of bitter plants in health practices.

Memory Tip

Imagine a thistle plant growing abundantly in a garden, its leaves sharp and bitter to taste. The character 荼 has a part that looks like a thorny plant (艹) on top, representing its bitter nature, and the bottom part (余) can remind you of 'remaining' bitterness left after experiencing something harsh.

Meanings of 荼

tú(tu2)
1a bitter vegetable
2thistle
Exercise 1 of 2

Listen & Choose the Meaning

Choose the correct answer:

About 荼

荼Simplified
10Strokes
艹Radical
动词dòngcíverb (v.)Part of Speech
#—Frequency Rank

Podcast: 荼

JasonAmy

Podcast: 荼

Listen to Jason & Amy break down this word for you

AI Study Notes for 荼

Usage Notes

Learners often confuse 荼 with similar-sounding words; be mindful of tone and context when using it. It is more common in literary or formal contexts when discussing bitterness or cruelty, rather than in everyday conversation. Common collocations include phrases related to bitterness or suffering.

HSK Study Tips

Although 荼 is not included in the official HSK levels, it is useful for students familiarizing themselves with more advanced vocabulary in literature or traditional medicine. Students should focus on its meanings related to bitterness and cruelty, which may appear in reading comprehension or writing.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 荼 with other similar characters like 苦 (kǔ), which also means bitter, but is used more broadly. For example, saying '我喜欢荼' (Wǒ xǐhuān tú) incorrectly implies liking the bitter taste, whereas it should more accurately reflect a preference for specific dishes or experiences involving bitterness.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 荼

Premium — Locked

AI tone practice

Pro

Drill the tone of 荼 with AI-powered exercises, get instant feedback, and earn XP toward mastery. Interactive tone practice is part of Pro.

Tone drillsInstant feedback+5 XP
See plans to unlock

Etymology of 荼

Formation Typepictophonetic
六书 ClassificationPhono-semantic (形声字)~80-90% of characters
Explanation

Phonosemantic compound. 艹 represents the meaning and 余 represents the sound.

Memory Hint

plant

Semantic (meaning)艹
+
Phonetic (sound)余
Learn more about Phono-semantic (形声字) characters

Jason Etymology Detective

Case file: 荼

Phonosemantic compound. 艹 represents the meaning and 余 represents the sound.

  1. 1The meaning half艹 carries the sense.
  2. 2The sound half余 is there for the reading, not the meaning.
  3. 3The giveawayplant
  4. 4On the record aspictophonetic.

Every clue here comes from the character's recorded structure — nothing is guessed.

Want the full history of 荼? Jason searches the paleographic record, weighs the competing accounts and judges the popular story.

Charged once for this character — everyone reads it afterwards.
Exercise 1 of 1

Character Formation Type

What type of character formation is 荼?

Decomposition of 荼

IDS Structure⿱艹余
荼Full Character
=
艹cao3
top
余Yu2
bottom
Exercise 1 of 2

Identify the Components

Which of these is a component of 荼?

How to say a bitter vegetable in Chinese

“a bitter vegetable” in Chinese is荼tú

荼 (tú) primarily refers to a type of bitter vegetable, specifically the common sowthistle, which is often used in traditional Chinese medicine and cuisine. The character can also imply bitterness in taste or cruelty in behavior, giving it nuanced meanings depending on context, such as describing a bitter experience or harsh treatment.

When to use 荼

Learners often confuse 荼 with similar-sounding words; be mindful of tone and context when using it. It is more common in literary or formal contexts when discussing bitterness or cruelty, rather than in everyday conversation. Common collocations include phrases related to bitterness or suffering.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse 荼 with other similar characters like 苦 (kǔ), which also means bitter, but is used more broadly. For example, saying '我喜欢荼' (Wǒ xǐhuān tú) incorrectly implies liking the bitter taste, whereas it should more accurately reflect a preference for specific dishes or experiences involving bitterness.

Write 荼

荼

Practice writing 荼 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Word Family of 荼

Words Containing This Character5
如火如荼unstoppable
荼túthistle
荼毒torment
曼荼罗mandala (loan, Buddhism)曼荼羅
荼毒生灵to torment the people (idiom)荼毒生靈
Exercise 1 of 4

Compound Meaning

What does 如火如荼 mean?

Frequently Asked Questions about 荼

The primary meaning of 荼 is a bitter vegetable, specifically the common sowthistle.

Jason Recommends

Not sure what to learn after 荼?

Jason picks three words from your level and explains why each one is worth your time next. It takes a free account so he knows what you already know.