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鍊 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
鍊liànsmelt metals, forge; refinezg, 17 strokes, radical 釒, rank #74343, Very Hard
liàn(lian4) T4
  1. 1smelt metals, forge; refine
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026

鍊liàn(lian4)

The character 鍊 (liàn) means to smelt metals or forge, often referring to the process of refining metals through heat and labor. It can be used in industrial contexts as well as metaphorically to indicate refining skills or qualities in various areas of life.

Strokes17Radical釒Frequency#74343DifficultyVery Hard
Cultural Note

In ancient China, the process of smelting metals was crucial for creating weapons and tools, which were vital for the development of society. The character reflects the importance of craftsmanship and skill in Chinese culture.

Memory Tip

Imagine a blacksmith forging a sword: the character 鍊 looks like a metal tool (the left part) being heated in a furnace (the right part). The heat of the furnace helps in 'refining' the metal, just like the pronunciation 'liàn' sounds like 'land,' where metal is born.

Meanings of 鍊

liàn(lian4)
1smelt metals, forge; refine
Exercise 1 of 2

Listen & Choose the Meaning

Choose the correct answer:

About 鍊

鍊Simplified
17Strokes
釒Radical
状态词stative word (stat.)Part of Speech
#—Frequency Rank

Podcast: 鍊

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Podcast: 鍊

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AI Study Notes for 鍊

Quick Contrast

锻 (duàn) vs 鍊 (liàn): use 鍊 when emphasizing the smelting process, while 锻 focuses on forging or shaping metals through hammering.

Usage Notes

Learners often confuse 鍊 with similar characters related to cooking or crafting. It is used mainly in formal contexts, particularly in discussions about metallurgy or processes of improvement. Pay attention to the tone; 鍊 is pronounced with a falling tone (4th tone), which can change the meaning if mispronounced.

HSK Study Tips

Although 鍊 is not an HSK character, it connects well with other industrial or technical terms in advanced levels. Students should focus on expanding their vocabulary related to manufacturing and refinement processes to better understand its usage.

Common Mistakes

Learners sometimes confuse 鍊 with 養 (yǎng), which means to raise or nurture. For example, saying '我鍊小狗' (Wǒ liàn xiǎo gǒu) meaning 'I smelt a puppy' is incorrect; it should be '我養小狗' (Wǒ yǎng xiǎo gǒu).

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 鍊

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Etymology of 鍊

Formation Typepictophonetic
六书 ClassificationPhono-semantic (形声字)~80-90% of characters
Explanation

Phonosemantic compound. 火 represents the meaning and 柬 represents the sound. Simplified form of 煉.

Memory Hint

metal

Semantic (meaning)釒
+
Phonetic (sound)柬
Learn more about Phono-semantic (形声字) characters

Jason Etymology Detective

Case file: 鍊

Phonosemantic compound. 火 represents the meaning and 柬 represents the sound. Simplified form of 煉.

  1. 1The meaning half釒 carries the sense.
  2. 2The sound half柬 is there for the reading, not the meaning.
  3. 3The giveawaymetal
  4. 4On the record aspictophonetic.

Every clue here comes from the character's recorded structure — nothing is guessed.

Want the full history of 鍊? Jason searches the paleographic record, weighs the competing accounts and judges the popular story.

Charged once for this character — everyone reads it afterwards.
Exercise 1 of 1

Character Formation Type

What type of character formation is 鍊?

Decomposition of 鍊

IDS Structure⿰釒柬
鍊Full Character
=
釒jin1
left
柬Jian3
right
Exercise 1 of 2

Identify the Components

Which of these is a component of 鍊?

How to say smelt metals, forge; refine in Chinese

“smelt metals, forge; refine” in Chinese is鍊liàn

The character 鍊 (liàn) means to smelt metals or forge, often referring to the process of refining metals through heat and labor. It can be used in industrial contexts as well as metaphorically to indicate refining skills or qualities in various areas of life.

When to use 鍊

Learners often confuse 鍊 with similar characters related to cooking or crafting. It is used mainly in formal contexts, particularly in discussions about metallurgy or processes of improvement. Pay attention to the tone; 鍊 is pronounced with a falling tone (4th tone), which can change the meaning if mispronounced.

鍊 or something close to it

锻 (duàn) vs 鍊 (liàn): use 鍊 when emphasizing the smelting process, while 锻 focuses on forging or shaping metals through hammering.

What learners get wrong

Learners sometimes confuse 鍊 with 養 (yǎng), which means to raise or nurture. For example, saying '我鍊小狗' (Wǒ liàn xiǎo gǒu) meaning 'I smelt a puppy' is incorrect; it should be '我養小狗' (Wǒ yǎng xiǎo gǒu).

Write 鍊

鍊

Practice writing 鍊 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Word Family of 鍊

Words Containing This Character20
锻炼duànliànto toughen鍛鍊
炼liànto refine煉
修炼to practice asceticism修煉
炼狱purgatory煉獄
提炼tíliànto refine提煉
精炼to purify精煉
炼油厂oil refinery煉油廠
冶炼to smelt metal冶煉
炼油oil refinery煉油
磨炼to temper oneself磨煉
炼金术alchemy煉金術
炼钢steelmaking煉鋼
炼制(chemistry) to refine煉製
炼铁smelting iron煉鐵
炼丹to concoct pills of immortality煉丹
熔炼to smelt熔煉
炼乳condensed milk煉乳
炼焦coking煉焦
千锤百炼the vicissitudes of life千錘百鍊
炼钢厂steel mill煉鋼廠
Exercise 1 of 4

Compound Meaning

What does 锻炼 mean?

Frequently Asked Questions about 鍊

Common compounds include 鍊金 (liànjīn) meaning 'smelting gold' and 鍊鐵 (liàn tiě) meaning 'forging iron.'

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