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欤 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
欤yúfinal particle indicating doubt, surprise, or a questiony, 7 strokes, radical 欠
欤yú(literary) (final particle similar to 吗[ma5], 呢[ne5] or 啊[a1])unknown, 7 strokes, radical 欠
yú(yu2)yu T2
  1. 1final particle indicating doubt, surprise, or a question
  2. 2(literary) (final particle similar to 吗[ma5], 呢[ne5] or 啊[a1])
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March 24, 2026

欤(歟)yú(yu2)

The character 欤 (yú) is a final particle used in classical Chinese to indicate doubt, surprise, or to pose a question. It is similar in function to the more common modern particles 吗 (ma), 呢 (ne), or 啊 (a), but it carries a literary tone, making it suitable for poetry or formal writing.

Strokes7Radical欠
Cultural note

The use of classical particles like 欤 can often be found in ancient Chinese poetry and texts, reflecting the rich literary tradition in Chinese culture. Understanding such particles provides insight into historical texts and classical literature.

Memory tip

Imagine a curious cat (猫, māo) looking at a fish (鱼, yú) and expressing surprise with a raised eyebrow. The quirky shape of 欤 resembles a cat's tail curving around a fish, reminding you of the character's meaning of questioning or expressing doubt.

Meanings of 欤

yú(yu2)
1final particle indicating doubt, surprise, or a question
2(literary) (final particle similar to 吗[ma5], 呢[ne5] or 啊[a1])
Exercise 1 of 2

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About 欤

欤Simplified
歟Traditional
7Strokes
欠Radical
语气词yǔqìcímodal particle (mod.part.)Part of Speech
#—Frequency Rank

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Podcast: 欤

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AI study notes for 欤

Usage Notes

While 欤 is not commonly used in everyday conversation, it is important in literary texts and poetry. Learners might confuse it with modern particles; be aware that it conveys a more formal or archaic tone. Use it sparingly and in appropriate contexts.

HSK Study Tips

Though 欤 is not part of the HSK vocabulary, it connects to other final particles that indicate questions or emotions. Students should focus on understanding its literary use and the differences between classical and modern Chinese expressions.

Common Mistakes

Learners often mistakenly use 欤 in informal settings, thinking it can replace modern question particles. For example, saying '你好吗?' (nǐ hǎo ma?) is correct, but replacing 吗 with 欤 would be inappropriate.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 欤

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Etymology of 欤

Formation typepictophonetic
六书 ClassificationPhono-semantic (形声字)~80-90% of characters
Memory hint

lack

Semantic (meaning)欠
+
Phonetic (sound)与
Learn more about Phono-semantic (形声字) characters
Exercise 1 of 1

Origin

欤 = 欠 + 与. What kind of character does that make it?

Decomposition of 欤

IDS Structure⿰与欠
欤Full character
=
与yu2
left
欠qian4
right
Exercise 1 of 2

Parts

Which of these is part of 欤?

How to say final particle indicating doubt, surprise, or a question in Chinese

“final particle indicating doubt, surprise, or a question” in Chinese is欤yú

The character 欤 (yú) is a final particle used in classical Chinese to indicate doubt, surprise, or to pose a question. It is similar in function to the more common modern particles 吗 (ma), 呢 (ne), or 啊 (a), but it carries a literary tone, making it suitable for poetry or formal writing.

When to use 欤

While 欤 is not commonly used in everyday conversation, it is important in literary texts and poetry. Learners might confuse it with modern particles; be aware that it conveys a more formal or archaic tone. Use it sparingly and in appropriate contexts.

What learners get wrong

Learners often mistakenly use 欤 in informal settings, thinking it can replace modern question particles. For example, saying '你好吗?' (nǐ hǎo ma?) is correct, but replacing 吗 with 欤 would be inappropriate.

Write 欤

欤

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Word Family of 欤

Words containing this character1
欤yú(literary) (final particle similar to 吗[ma], 呢[ne] or 啊[ā])歟

Frequently asked questions about 欤

No, 欤 is typically reserved for literary or formal contexts and is not used in casual speech.

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