Skip to content
Stroke order, etymology and audio for every word.Start learning
桀 — pronunciations, definitions, and tags
HanziPinyinEnglishTags
桀jiécruelunknown, 10 strokes, radical 木, rank #47974, Very Hard
桀jiéchicken roost; ancient emperornr, 10 strokes, radical 木, rank #47974, Very Hard
桀jié(emperor of Xia dynasty)unknown, 10 strokes, radical 木, rank #47974, Very Hard
jié(jie2)jie T2
  1. 1cruel
  2. 2chicken roost; ancient emperor
Listen to the audio pronunciation 3 times to gain XP
March 24, 2026

桀jié(jie2)

The character 桀 (jié) primarily refers to a cruel leader or tyrant, often associated with the last emperor of the Xia Dynasty. It is typically used in historical contexts to describe oppressive rulers or regimes. In modern usage, it can also denote a sense of brutality or harshness.

Strokes10Radical木Frequency#47974DifficultyVery Hard
Cultural note

桀 is often linked to the legendary tyrant Jie of the Xia Dynasty, who is symbolically seen as the embodiment of cruelty and misrule in Chinese history. This character represents a cautionary tale in Chinese culture regarding leadership and moral responsibility.

Memory tip

Imagine a rooster (the 'chicken' aspect) standing on a high wooden perch (桀 has a wood radical, indicating strength or authority) while crowing cruelly at the dawn. This helps you remember both the pronunciation 'jié' and the character's associations with dominance and tyranny.

Meanings of 桀

jié(jie2)
1cruel
2chicken roost; ancient emperor
Exercise 1 of 2

By ear

Play it, then pick what 桀 means.

About 桀

桀Simplified
10Strokes
木Radical
人名míngcíproper noun (pr.n.)Part of Speech
#—Frequency Rank

Podcast: 桀

JasonAmy

Podcast: 桀

Listen to Jason & Amy break down this word for you

AI study notes for 桀

Usage Notes

桀 is often used in literary or historical contexts rather than in everyday conversation. Be cautious with its negative connotation; using it to describe someone in a casual setting can be offensive. Common collocations include 桀骜不驯 (jié ào bù xùn), meaning 'arrogantly unrestrained'.

HSK Study Tips

While 桀 is not included in the HSK vocabulary lists, it connects with other words describing qualities of leadership or authority, such as 帝 (dì, emperor) and 皇 (huáng, sovereign). Students should focus on recognizing its historical significance and negative connotations.

Common Mistakes

Learners often confuse 桀 with similar-sounding characters like 结 (jié, to tie or knot). For example, saying '结的统治者' (jié de tǒngzhì zhě) instead of '桀的统治者' (jié de tǒngzhì zhě) can lead to misunderstandings about the intended meaning.

AI-enhanced 2026-03-24

Pronunciation of 桀

Premium — Locked

AI tone practice

Pro

Drill the tone of 桀 with AI-powered exercises, get instant feedback, and earn XP toward mastery. Interactive tone practice is part of Pro.

Tone drillsInstant feedback+5 XP
Get Pro to unlock

Jason Explains 桀 to you

Let me explain 桀 for you

Make it yours

Jason looks at what you watch and listen to, the checkpoints you have cleared, our lessons and what you have been exploring, and explains 桀 through them.

Sign in free to make it personal. New accounts start with 215 AI credits.

How well do you know 桀?

Example

Learning Lab

Knowing 桀 is seven skills, not one.

Its meaning, its character, its pinyin, its tone — hearing it, saying it, writing it. The Learning Lab measures each one from your own practice, on every word you study, so you see what you actually know rather than how much you have done.

  • MeaningFree
  • CharacterFree
  • PinyinFree
  • TonePro
  • ListeningPro
  • SpeakingPro
  • WritingPro
See the Learning Lab Three facets free · no card needed

Etymology of 桀

Formation typepictophonetic
六书 ClassificationPhono-semantic (形声字)~80-90% of characters
Explanation

Depicts tearing off legs (舛) and putting them in a tree (木) as punishment.

Memory hint

tree

Semantic (meaning)木
Learn more about Phono-semantic (形声字) characters
Exercise 1 of 1

Origin

What kind of character is 桀?

Decomposition of 桀

IDS Structure⿱舛木
桀Full character
=
舛chuan3
top
木Mu4
bottom
Exercise 1 of 2

Parts

Which of these is part of 桀?

How to say cruel in Chinese

“cruel” in Chinese is桀jié

The character 桀 (jié) primarily refers to a cruel leader or tyrant, often associated with the last emperor of the Xia Dynasty. It is typically used in historical contexts to describe oppressive rulers or regimes. In modern usage, it can also denote a sense of brutality or harshness.

When to use 桀

桀 is often used in literary or historical contexts rather than in everyday conversation. Be cautious with its negative connotation; using it to describe someone in a casual setting can be offensive. Common collocations include 桀骜不驯 (jié ào bù xùn), meaning 'arrogantly unrestrained'.

What learners get wrong

Learners often confuse 桀 with similar-sounding characters like 结 (jié, to tie or knot). For example, saying '结的统治者' (jié de tǒngzhì zhě) instead of '桀的统治者' (jié de tǒngzhì zhě) can lead to misunderstandings about the intended meaning.

Write 桀

桀

Practice writing 桀 stroke by stroke. Watch the animation to learn the stroke order, then try writing it yourself.

Write correctly 3 times to earn XP

Ask Jason

Have a question about 桀?

Jason answers about this word at your level: example sentences, how it differs from similar words, and a way to remember it.

Sign in free to ask. New accounts start with 215 AI credits.

Word Family of 桀

Words containing this character2
桀jiécruel
桀骜不驯unyielding桀驁不馴
Exercise 1 of 1

Words with 桀

What does 桀骜不驯 mean?

Frequently asked questions about 桀

It is pronounced as 'jié'.

Jason Recommends

Not sure what to learn after 桀?

Jason picks three words from your level and explains why each one is worth your time next. It takes a free account so he knows what you already know.

A sample week, replayed. Every page you study lands here in the order you did it — your own replay starts with a free account.

See the Learning Lab